Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has gradually gained attention in the field of pediatric medicine in recent years. It has shown significant clinical effects, especially in the treatment of pediatric urinary system diseases and intestinal dysfunction. This article explores the foundational mechanisms of SNM and its current applications in children. Its effectiveness in the treatment of urgency urinary incontinence, overactive bladder and chronic constipation is elaborated. Overall, SNM can significantly relieve the symptoms and improve the children’s quality of life. However, the incidence of various complications is not low. Future research should focus on developing SNM devices more suitable for children and conducting large-scale, randomized controlled clinical trials to further verify its effectiveness and safety. Multidisciplinary cooperation is also encouraged to improve the effectiveness and safety of this technology in children.