Clinical studies have reported that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of urinary incontinence (UI). There is a statistical association between UI and pelvic floor dysfunction (PFDs) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) after 2 years of cesarean section. Compared with women with normoglycemia during pregnancy, women with GDM have a higher incidence of UI and reduced vaginal pressure after 2 years of cesarean delivery. GDM is an independent risk factor for UI during pregnancy. GDM and PFDs appear to be two separate health problems. However, there may be an underlying relationship between them. The purpose of this review is to explore the potential association between GDM and PFDs and its pathogenesis from a dual perspective in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical intervention.