Rupture of the ovarian corpus luteum is one of the common acute abdomen in gynecology. The corpus luteum is anormal physiological structure formed after ovarian ovulation. The corpus luteum rupture can lead to intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Theclinical symptoms of corpus luteum rupture are variable. Mainly based on the amount of bleeding and the stimulation of bleeding on theperitoneum, there is a lack of evidence for early clinical diagnosis. Therefore, there is a high misdiagnosis rate in gynecological acuteabdomen. This article elaborates the high risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic points, differential diagnosis and treatment ofovarian corpus luteum rupture. Its aim is to further improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.