Non-invasive transcranial nerve regulation technology has advantages of non-invasiveness and high safety. In recent years, it has received widespread attention in the field of treating neurological and psychiatric disorders. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation ( tES) are the two most prevalent non-invasive brain stimulation techniques. The techniques modulate cortical excitability, neural oscillations and brain network plasticity via induced and externally applied electric fields, respectively. As research deepens, limitations of a single stimulus mode in terms of therapeutic amplitude and duration gradually become apparent. Therefore, the combination of transcranial electrical stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, known as transcranial electromagnetic stimulation, has become a new research hotspot. This article summarizes the basic principles and main modes of transcranial electrical stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation. The technical key points, physiological research progress and current application status of transcranial electromagnetic combined stimulation in the fields of neurological and psychiatric disorders such as stroke, mental disorders, sleep disorders and cognitive disorders are focused. Existing evidence suggests that combined TMS-tES can enhance neural regulatory effects through mechanisms such as interhemispheric synergy, priming, local synergy and phase-coupling, demonstrating potential therapeutic value superior to single stimulation modes. However, multicenter, large sample, randomized double-blind controlled studies are still needed in the future. Furthermore, by combination of brain network imaging, personalized modeling and brain computer interfaces to create a closed-loop control, it aims to promote the development of transcranial electromagnetic stimulation towards precision, intelligence and clinical applicability.