Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of physical comorbidity in community patients with depression. Methods Based on baseline data from the China Depression Cohort Study (CDCS), 989 patients diagnosed with depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) were selected. Healthy controls were matched 1:1 by sex and age. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize baseline characteristics of the participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the associated factors of physical comorbidity in depression. Results There were 38. 3% of depression patients with comorbid physical diseases. The proportion of multimorbidity (≥2 conditions) was 13. 9%. The most common comorbidity pattern was hypertension combined with diabetes (18. 1%). The comorbidity group had older age, lower education level, higher proportion of married individuals and more severe anxiety and insomnia ( P< 0. 05). Residence, age and ISI total score were independently associated with physical comorbidity (P<0. 05). Conclusions The occurrence of physical comorbidities is significantly higher in individuals with depression. The proportion of comorbidities gradually increases with age. The coexistence of multiple diseases mainly is cardiovascular metabolic diseases. Residence, age and sleep disorders are independently associated with comorbidity risk of physical diseases.