In recent 30 years, more than 30 kinds of new infectious diseases have been found worldwide. Thereinto, some have been found in China. These new infectious diseases present certain characteristics, such as high infectivity, rapid prevalence, and high mortality. They would influence the stabilization of our society, development of the economy and safety of our country if they spread out in China. This article emphatically introduces AIDS, SARS, avian influenza, BSE, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, West Nile Virus and HPS hemorrhagic fever.